An Analysis Lexical Cohesion In Jakarta Post News





This research is about lexical cohesion (repetition, synonym, antonym, hyponym, collocation). This study's objectives were: (1) to find the type of LC in the reportage, and opinion column of Jakarta Post News and (2) find the dominant type of LC in the reportage and opinion column of Jakarta Post News. Researchers used library research, while the data sources were the news reports and opinion texts of the Jakarta Post News, which consisted of 30 opinion news and 30 reportage news in edition October. Data analysis used Miles and Huberman's model (reduction, display and verification). The results found synonym 94, repetition 87, antonym 67, hyponym 40, collocation 30. The total LC in the Jakarta Post News is 318. The dominant LC in the Jakarta Post is synonymous with a total of 94 words.





The selection of vocabulary achieves the cohesive effect. That means the selection of vocabulary builds connections in text and makes connections between lexical cohesion and text. Thus, the Jakarta Post newspaper is a relationship between vocabulary and text so that it forms a sentence in the media used by the public which contains news. The reasons for choosing the Jakarta Post review the latest news, political, social, cultural, and educational issues contained in the Jakarta Post column reportage and opinion. Editorial columns by editors are used to address what is happening at the moment so that the issue is worthy of being published, can also be confused with thoughts, goals, views, and criticisms of the editor on issues that are being a hot issue. News writers in the editorial column must use journalistic language, namely the language of mass communication used in magazines, newspapers, television, and radio.
The reason for choosing the Jakarta Post News is to be the research title because the Jakarta Post news is easily found on social media, such as on Facebook, the browser, and the internet. So it is interesting to examine the contents of the news contained in the Jakarta Post in the Lexical Cohesion section. Some previous researchers have already researched it, so it is still interesting to study with new research. The author is interested in analyzing lexical cohesion at the Jakarta Post News because the discourse is written in standard English. The Jakarta Post's editorial text is certainly coherent to understand the editor's intent or attitude well. For that interest, the editorial text is worth reviewing to find out the lexical aspects of cohesion contained within it. More specifically, the author wants to analyze the choice of words in Jakarta Post News column reportage and opinion, which are part of lexical cohesion. Based on the facts just from the facts, an analysis needs to be done as library research. This research will apply the title to analyze lexical cohesion in Jakarta Post News reportage and opinion column.

Lexical Cohesion
Lexical cohesion is relations between semantics form a discourse by utilizing lexical elements or words (McCarthy, 1991;Nunan, 1993;Untung, 2005;Morley, 2009). Further, lexical cohesion is a type of cohesion where certain lexical features relate sentences to one another in the text (Dahl, 2000;In Rahimi and Ebrahimi, 2012). Lexical cohesion is related to conceptual structure and can signal a relationship between two structures (Haris and Yunus, 2014). A lexical cohesion aspect is a cohesion tool that makes a discourse coherent (Zhao and Zhou, 2009;Moini and Kheirkhah, 2016;Stotsky, 1983;McCarthy et al., 2010;Hoey, 1991 in Al-Ghazalli andMajli, 2019). According to Mulyana (2005: 29), LC is a lexical relationship among parts of the discourse to get cohesive structure harmony. Mulyana revealed that the purpose of using these lexical aspects was to obtain the effect of the intensity of language meaning, clarity of information, and the beauty of other languages (Mulyana, 2005).
Furthermore, Halliday and Hasan (1976) state the LC is the cohesive effect achieved by selecting vocabulary. From another point of view, lexical cohesion resources denote how speakers and writers utilize lexical items to create the text consistently associated with their field (Eggins, 2004:42). In particular, Witte and Faigley (1981: 200) stated that LC is the subcategory that best uncovers the overall writing quality. The leading group of LC are reiteration (repetition, synonymy, antonymy, hyponymy) and collocation (Halliday and Hasan, 1976;Paltridge, 2006).

Type of Lexical Cohesion
By Halliday and Hasan,1976;Rani et al., 2004: 129, lexical cohesion devices consist of reiteration and collocation. Reiteration is a prevalent word that leads back to a lexical Vol. item, in between, like synonym, repetition, antonymy, meronymy, hyponymy. A synonym is a word that has a similarity in meaning. Repetition is the reduplication of the same word, usually with the same reference (Zaimar and Harahap, 2011: 148). Antonym is the relationship between a different meaning. Hyponymy is a connection between a component with a general meaning named subordinate and a component that specific meaning. Meronymy calls this category co-specification, which includes the link among two items with a common general item (Halliday and Hasan, 1976: 28;Tanskanen, 2006). The second type of lexical cohesion is collocation, which is the stable relationship between words (Halliday and Hasan (1976: 28). Furthermore, collocation is the cohesive force contracted by any pair of lexical items whose meaning is related or associated with lexical items that regularly co-occur (Halliday and Hasan, 1976;Halliday and Hasan 2013 in Antony 2019).

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This research is about lexical cohesion and lexical cohesion types found in Jakarta Post News. The researcher used qualitative research, and the kind of research is library research. According to Sugiyono, the qualitative research system is a research procedure based on postpositivism philosophy, used to verify the condition of normal objects, where the investigator is a crucial instrument, data collection techniques are carried out jointly, data analysis is qualitative inductive, and research results stress more than generalization (Sugiyono, 2017). In this study, the sources used to collect data are the Jakarta Post News and other sources by collecting news reportage texts and opinions in the Jakarta Post to support data search. Researchers will find out about lexical cohesion and lexical cohesion types from the Jakarta Post News, which consists of 30 news opinions and 30 news reportage in the October issue. In analyzing the data, the researchers used Miles and Huberman's model. According to Miles and Huberman (1986), there are three actions in analyzing the data in this model: data reduction, data display, conclusion/verification data.
Some steps of research in this study were as follows: 1. Select a description of the necessary materials from available sources. 2. Examine the index that contains the variables and topics of the problem under investigation. 3. The next thing that becomes more specific is looking for books, articles, and biographies that help get the materials relevant to the problem under study. 4. Select the news that will be the source of data in this case that researchers analyze.
Researchers choose news reportage and opinion. 5. Search for news through the website. In this step, researchers only search for the news contents and read to gather news and make it easy to combine and classify the types of lexical cohesion in the news text news reportage and opinion. 6. After relevant information is found, the researchers determine lexical cohesion types in order of importance relevant to the problem. The research process is reading, writing, and classifying lexical cohesion types in the news text news reportage and opinion in the final step.

FINDINGS
This chapter is divided into main sections, namely research findings and discussion. Research finding presents all findings of lexical cohesion in Jakarta Post News. The data are served with the frequency of reiteration (repetition, synonymy, antonymy, hyponym) and collocation in the news on the Jakarta Post News.

News Opinion
Based on the explanation from the table above, researchers found lexical cohesion types as though repetition, synonym, antonym, hyponym, and colocation. The above explanation is that the Jakarta Post News found several types of lexical cohesion. In the Jakarta Post news, researchers found 54 repetitions, 71 synonyms, 57 antonyms, 33 hyponyms, and 17 colocations. Total of all 232 types of news contained in the Jakarta Post News Opinion.

News Reportage
Based on the explanation from the table above, the researcher found lexical cohesion types as though repetition, synonym, antonym, hyponym, and colocation. The above explanation is that the Jakarta Post News found several types of lexical cohesion. In the Jakarta Post news, researchers found 33 repetitions, 23 synonyms, 10 antonyms, 7 hyponyms, and 13 colocations. All 86 types of news contained in the Jakarta Post Reportage.

Dominant Kinds of LC Analysis Finding in Reportage and Opinion
From the above analysis, the researcher can conclude that the word repetition is mainly found in the Jakarta Post News text. The researcher found 94 words that were repeated in the Jakarta Post. Below the data taken from the text of text in Jakarta Post News: